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Case Report | Volume 19 Issue 2 (April-June, 2026) | Pages 54 - 60
Keratoacanthoma with Extensive Perineural Invasion: A Case Report
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1
BS Oklahoma State University College of Osteopathic Medicine at the Cherokee Nation Office of Medical Student Research 19592 E Ross St Tahlequah, OK 74464, USA
2
MSEd, DO Oklahoma State University College of Osteopathic Medicine at the Cherokee Nation Office of Medical Student Research 19592 E Ross St Tahlequah, OK 74464, USA
3
MD Skin Surgery Center of Oklahoma 13100 N Western Ave #301 Oklahoma City, OK 73114, USA
Under a Creative Commons license
Open Access
Received
March 26, 2026
Revised
April 14, 2026
Accepted
April 18, 2026
Published
April 20, 2026
Abstract

Keratoacanthoma (KA), a typically less aggressive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) subtype, is characterized by rapid growth with potential spontaneous resolution. Rarely, KA exhibits aggressive features including perineural invasion and vascular involvement. The authors report a 56-year-old female with a 2.5 cm papule on her right nasal supratip at initial presentation. Pathology revealed a well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, keratoacanthoma type. A gene expression profile test revealed a class 1 result. The papule grew rapidly into a 5 x 3.5 cm tumor by the time of Mohs surgery 4 weeks later. During Mohs, extensive perineural invasion was discovered. While peripheral margins were cleared, deep margin clearance proved impossible due to the inability to obtain adequate local anesthesia at the nasal bone. The patient was subsequently referred to an academic head/neck cancer clinic for further management. This case demonstrates that KAs can exhibit aggressive behavior, particularly in head/neck locations.

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